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2022-12-08T17:56:24Z

Luoq: /* Videos - Momentum */

<big>'''Vanier College Physics Wiki'''</big>

Consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

== Getting started==
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]

==IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS==
Find your textbook, study guides and lab skills handbook here:
*[[STUDY DOCS]]



== MECHANICS ==
=== Introduction ===
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/mechanics/mechanics_overview.pdf Mechanics Concept Overview]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/Formulas_and_Constants_for_College_Physics.pdf Stefan's Formulas for College Physics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpDR89URs0h-zf-cHLTBNHUXOPYIEpWAg Stefan's Youtube Playlist for Mechanics]

=== Math review ===
==== Theory ====
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/mechanics/Math_Review.pdf Stefan's Lecture Note on Math Review]

=== Measurement, Uncertainty, and Units ===
==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/Kfy_Sd3jSCk Video: Introduction to uncertainties]
* [https://youtu.be/9YriBMqMx7c Video: Estimating the uncertainty of a measurement - Example: the length of a cat]
* [https://youtu.be/gHLzzzDohdE Video: Using the Min-Max Method to calculate the uncertainty of a measurement - Example: the length of a cat]
* [https://youtu.be/2ld3uFfRVt0 Video: Using the Average and Standard Deviation to calculate the uncertainty of a measurement - Example: the length of a cat]
* [https://youtu.be/e-Eb2wdZ-Qk Video: Accurate vs. Precise]
* [https://youtu.be/7Q-zuT9cbeo Video: Calculations with uncertainty - Simple cases]
* [https://youtu.be/Lrkd6yHjTRI Video: Calculations with uncertainty - Complicated cases]
* [https://youtu.be/dumXDlANJA8 Video: Unit Conversion with dimensional analysis]
* [https://youtu.be/CLPjNelMLIs Video: Unit Conversion example: km/h to m/s]
* [https://youtu.be/7Vv7ExV87MU Video: SI-Prefixes]

==== Theory ====
* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/pwiki/index.php/Measurement_and_Data_Analysis Measurement and Data Analysis]
* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/pwiki/index.php/Uncertainties_in_Measurement Uncertainties in Measurement]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/mechanics/measurement_and_uncertainty.pdf Stefan's Lecture Note on Measurement and Uncertainty]

==== Book References ====
* [https://cnx.org/contents/1Q9uMg_a@13.38:bG-_rWXy@10/Introduction OpenStax University Physics Volume 1: Chapter 1.1-1.4]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/Ax2o07Ul@17.3:EC6WBNqn@13/1-2-Physical-Quantities-and-Units OpenStax College Physics: Chapter 1.2-1.3]

=== Vectors ===
==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/pDPOcpsdOXs Video: Drawing Vectors]
* [https://youtu.be/v2Cd4C7JXPY Video: Find the direction and the components of a vector]
* [https://youtu.be/OrryaQqcvk8 Video: Adding Vectors Graphically : Head to Tail Method]

==== Theory ====
* [[Vectors]]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/mechanics/Vectors.pdf Stefan's Lecture Note on Vectors]

==== Book References ====
* [https://cnx.org/contents/1Q9uMg_a@13.38:CEzSxrSw@8/Introduction Openstax University Physics Volume 1 - Chapter 2:Vectors]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/Ax2o07Ul@17.3:S9i77L2i@12/3-2-Vector-Addition-and-Subtraction-Graphical-Methods OpenStax College Physics - Chapter 3.2: Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods]

=== Kinematics ===
*[[Basic Concepts]]

=====1 D Motion=====

====== Videos ======
* [https://youtu.be/g4s1j9nCyi4 Video: Introduction to Position-Time graphs]
* [https://youtu.be/YXrLMZb5uBA Video: Introduction to Velocity-Time graphs]
* [https://youtu.be/wArPnyyZCFg Video: Drawing the Position-Time graph from the Velocity-Time Graph]
* [https://youtu.be/wyZZn6sri5U Video: Kinematics Definitions, displacement, distance traveled, velocity and speed.]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/kinematics_formulas.htm Videos: Formulas for motion with constant acceleration]

* [https://youtu.be/-8eGB1WH0jw Video: Example - v-t, a-t and s-t graphs]
* [https://youtu.be/dKe0XFzSc6g Video: Example - Free-Fall]
* [https://youtu.be/q-TDxttAtLk Video: Example - Throwing an object in the air : Part 1]
* [https://youtu.be/nE5ePfnAyk8 Video: Example - Throwing an object in the air : Part 2]

* [https://youtu.be/22N1kAFx0L8 Video: Catch-up problems]

====== Theory ======
*[[Motion Along a Straight Line: Graphical Representation]] 
*[[Equations of Motion]]
* [[Free Fall]]

====== Simulation and practice ======
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/moving-man Simulation: Graphs]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/pdNj3DgD Geogebra: Create x-t and a-t graphs for various v-t graphs]
* [https://www.mathcelebrity.com/kinematic.php MathCelebrity: Kinematics Equations Calculator]

====== Book References ======
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/3-introduction OpenStax University Physics Volume 1 - Chapter 3: Motion Along a Straight Line]
* [https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/2-introduction-to-one-dimensional-kinematics OpenStax College Physics - Chapter 2: Introduction to One-Dimensional Kinematics]

=====2 D Motion=====
====== Videos ======
* [https://youtu.be/myHJ6_WS5OM Video: Introduction to 2D Kinematics]
* [https://youtu.be/_KyWgMUqP7k Video: Constant acceleration in 2D Kinematics]
* [https://youtu.be/tx8RMmVfy_E Video: Introduction to Projectile Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/x66EJxWhk8U Video: Projectile Motion Example - Angle and target location unknown]
* [https://youtu.be/vgUlurfyW0c Video: Projectile Motion Example - Maximal height and time to maximal height unknown]
* [https://youtu.be/qIi8-9rpRzU Video: Projectile Motion - Range and trajectory]
* [https://youtu.be/kwZ6_DAFFfE Video: Uniform Circular Motion - Centripetal Acceleration]

====== Theory ======
* [[Introduction to 2 D Motion]]
* [[Circular Motion]]
* [[Projectile Motion]]

====== Book References ======
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/4-introduction OpenStax University Physics Volume 1 - Chapter 4: Motion in Two and Three Dimensions]
* [https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/3-introduction-to-two-dimensional-kinematics OpenStax College Physics - Chapter 3: Introduction to Two-Dimensional Kinematics]

=====Rotational Kinematics=====
====== Videos ======
* [https://youtu.be/ZMZaO5mQLlE Video: Rotational Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/mwVww1NhIYk Video: Equations for constant angular acceleration]
* [https://youtu.be/3C4QfnlIQgM Video: Units of rotational motion (rpm)]
* [https://youtu.be/Nyv0SLEU2Aw Video: Rotational Kinematics Example]

====== Theory ======
* [[Rotational Motion]]


====== Book References ======
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/10-introduction OpenStax University Physics Volume 1 - Chapter 10.1-10.3: Fixed-Axis Rotation]
* [https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/10-introduction-to-rotational-motion-and-angular-momentum OpenStax College Physics - Chapter 10.1-10.2: Rotational Motion]

=== Dynamics ===
==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AUSXcozE_A0 Video: Introduction to Newton's Laws of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/WzvhuQ5RWJE Video: Newton's 2nd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/cP0Bb3WXJ_k Video: Newton's 3rd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/dzdDzzRZm9U Video: Free Body Diagrams]
* [https://youtu.be/TLtGWls5F_I Video: Normal Forces Part 1]
* [https://youtu.be/JTeVBfUBdDs Video: Normal Forces Part 2]
* [https://youtu.be/t2RjGcvNSas Video: Tension Force]
* [https://youtu.be/dPSOs9lw90I Video: Simple Newton's Laws Problem Example]
* [https://youtu.be/ofeT2En6nz0 Video: Statics - Box on Surface]
* [https://youtu.be/R6ltYEMHuwc Video: Simple Dynamics Example]
* [https://youtu.be/pWsab45Httg Video: Two-body dynamics problem]
* [https://youtu.be/Y4FLaOTmklQ Video: Two boxes pushed along a surface]
* [https://youtu.be/JwEDFRDA5dc Video: Torque Shortcuts]
* [https://youtu.be/DMy6ree2sUA Video: Introduction to Rotational Equilibrium]
* [https://youtu.be/K1SxSdflCDA Video: Rotational and Translational Equilibrium - Beam with hanging mass]
* [https://youtu.be/XoAYWaDfs40 Video: Ladder leaning on the wall]
* [https://youtu.be/yC47CbcoWOE Video: Neil deGrasse Tyson: Einstein vs Newton - Who Was Right?]
* [https://youtu.be/lFgdmjmSxk0 Video: Newton's Universal Law of Gravity: Introduction]
* [https://youtu.be/xJqJ_UvBKiY Video: Newton's Universal Law of Gravity: Calculating the mass of the earth]
* [https://youtu.be/a-E28IqPVw8 Video: Newton's Universal Law of Gravity: Calculating the time it takes the moon to go around the earth]

==== Theory ====
*[[What is Dynamics?]]




*[[Inertia|The Concept of Inertia]] 
*[[Newton's Laws|Newton's Laws of Motion]] 
*[[Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation]] 
* [[Friction]]
*[[Dynamics of Circular Motion]] 
*[[Static and Dynamic Equilibrium]] 
*[[Torque]]


==== Book References ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/5-introduction OpenStax University Physics Chapter 5: Newton's Laws of Motion]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/6-introduction OpenStax University Physics Chapter 6: Applications of Newton's Laws]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/10-6-torque OpenStax University Physics Chapter 10.6: Torque]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/10-7-newtons-second-law-for-rotation OpenStax University Physics Chapter 10.7: Newton's second law for rotation]

==== Simulations ====
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/forces-and-motion-basics Phet: Forces and Motion: Basics]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/ramp-forces-and-motion Phet: Forces and Motion]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/forces-and-motion Phet: Forces and Motion]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/lunar-lander Phet: Lunar Lander]

=== Laws of Conservation ===
==== Videos - Energy ====
* [https://youtu.be/oDNAqnKhjZA Video: Introduction to Laws of Conservation (Conservation of Energy)]
* [https://youtu.be/a-4UISMSVpE Video: Conservation of Energy in Mechanics]
* [https://youtu.be/BEyZ60DHLnE Video: Mechanical Work]
* [https://youtu.be/y265HF0I1kg Video: Work required to lift an object (Discovery of Potential Energy)]
* [https://youtu.be/a5qhsUWiZjw Video: Work required to accelerate an object to velocity v (Discovery of Kinetic Energy)]
* [https://youtu.be/1XwxKKcn0ks Video: Conservative Forces and Potential Energy]
* [https://youtu.be/CiSmPI4eHp8 Video: The potential energy of a spring]
* [https://youtu.be/Jk9mYVAGHGk Video: Energy Example: Two connected blocks and a spring]
* [https://youtu.be/tGjZTRMSFBo Video: Energy Example: Calculating the escape velocity]
* [https://youtu.be/4HMXr7ExmBg Video: Pendulum Lab with Photogates - Conservation of Energy - Instructions]

==== Videos - Momentum ====
* [https://youtu.be/dNOthHSV0RM Video: Introduction to Linear Momentum]
* [https://youtu.be/I_RNxh8Eb-s Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Inelastic Collision]
* [https://youtu.be/ym2c6k09YY4 Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Example: 1D Inelastic Collision]
* [https://youtu.be/Fq7CasNQ_m0 Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Elastic Collision]
* [https://youtu.be/TArgOS55--I Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - 2D Collision Example]
* [https://youtu.be/tXeQKIlxQEk Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Explosions]
* [https://youtu.be/zsMvyDSDPtI Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Rocket Equation (this is Rocket Science!)]
* [https://youtu.be/2FmyyHR47Xo Video: Conservation of Linear Momentum - Linear Momentum and Newton]
* [https://youtu.be/mqU9XBZ-jnw Video: Conservation of Angular Momentum - Introduction]
* [https://youtu.be/ULAar-EtJQI Video: Conservation of Angular Momentum - Changing the rotational inertia]
* [https://youtu.be/_RVe_ii-YJ4 Video: Conservation of Angular Momentum - A rotating platform]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaauRiRX4do Video: Conservation of Angular Momentum]

==== Theory ====
* [[Work and Energy]]

* [[Potential Energy]]

* [[Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces]]

* [[Conservation of Energy]]

* [[Rotational Kinetic Energy and Moment Of Inertia]]

* [[Conservation of Momentum|Conservation of Linear Momentum]] 
==== Book References ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/7-introduction Openstax University Physics Volume 1: Chapter 7 (Work and Kinetic Energy)]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/8-introduction Openstax University Physics Volume 1: Chapter 8 (Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy)]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/9-introduction Openstax University Physics Volume 1: Chapter 9 (Linear Momentum and Collisions)]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/11-introduction Openstax University Physics Volume 1: Chapter 11 (Angular Momentum)]

=== Summary ===
* [https://youtu.be/3RnIH4_3E1U Video: Summary of Mechanics]

== STEFAN BRACHER'S LECTURES ==
*[http://stefan.bracher.info/physics_mechanics.php Stefan's Lecture notes for Mechanics]
 
== Interesting Articles on Mechanics ==

*[[My Daughter,the Physicist]]
:''by Stephen Cohen''

=====Felix Baumgartner's Sky Dive=====

[http://theengineerspulse.blogspot.ca/2012/10/mechanical-analysis-of-baumgartners.html Mechanical analysis of Baumgartner's sky dive]
 

[http://theengineerspulse.blogspot.ca/2012/10/mechanical-analysis-of-baumgartners_15.html Mechanical analysis of Baumgartner's sky dive-part 2]

 

== WAVES AND MODERN PHYSICS ==





*[[Waves and Modern Physics]] 

== ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM ==
*[[Electricity and Magnetism]] 






== SECONDARY 5 PHYSICS ==
*[[Secondary 5 Physics]]

== REMEDIAL ACTIVITIES FOR SECONDARY 4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ==
*[[Secondary 4 Physical Science]]

== KEVIN LENTON'S MECHANICS MODULES ==

== KRESHNIK ANGONI'S LECTURES ==

* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/~physics/KRESHNIK_LECTURES/NYA NYA] 
* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/~physics/KRESHNIK_LECTURES/NYB NYB] 
* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/~physics/KRESHNIK_LECTURES/NYC NYC] 
 

== LABS: USEFUL MATERIAL==

* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/sigfig/sig.htm Significant Figures] 

* [http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation.php?ani=94&cat=physics Reading a Micrometer Scale] 

* [[Uncertainties in Measurement]]
:''by Kreshnik Angoni''


* [[Measurement and Data Analysis]]
:''by Kreshnik Angoni''

* [[Preparation for Labs]]
:''by Helena Dedic''


 

==ADDITIONAL RESOURCES==
* [[The Exponential Function and Its Applications in Science]]
*:''by Don Hetherington''

* [http://theengineerspulse.blogspot.com/p/for-physics-students.html Physics articles organized by course subject]
*:''by Stephen Cohen''

* [[Study Skills]]

* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpVm6r2eaxwTcSznVPm51AA/playlists Videos by Learning Commons on Various Topics like referencing and use of Office365]

===Career-Related Articles===
* [[Things I wish I knew before my first job]]
*:''by Scott Redmond''

* [[Choosing the Right Career Path]]
*:''by Scott Redmond''

==PHYSICS '''''FUN'''''==


*[[A Light in the Dark]]
 


== FOR TEACHERS ==

* [http://gauss.vaniercollege.qc.ca/twiki Teacher WIKI]

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-12-05T14:44:05Z

Luoq: /* Quantum Theory */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/FP8aFvQ4 superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/MultipleSlitDiffractionPattern/ a simulation showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vc-Uvp3vwg Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jw1w5ijQyvg Black Bodies and Planck Explained]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pu-e1NtAHXA&t=568s Modern Physics: an overview of key themes as a concept map]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-11-25T19:07:46Z

Luoq: /* Quantum Theory */

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-11-21T14:50:25Z

Luoq: /* Quantum Theory */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/FP8aFvQ4 superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/MultipleSlitDiffractionPattern/ a simulation showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jw1w5ijQyvg Black Bodies and Planck Explained]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-11-21T14:46:07Z

Luoq: /* Quantum Theory */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/FP8aFvQ4 superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/MultipleSlitDiffractionPattern/ a simulation showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7hxYGaegxAM Black Bodies and Planck Explained]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-11-10T17:46:04Z

Luoq: /* Wave Optics */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/FP8aFvQ4 superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/MultipleSlitDiffractionPattern/ a simulation showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-10-28T17:01:58Z

Luoq: /* Wave Optics */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/FP8aFvQ4 superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=129.msg577#msg577 an app showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-10-21T17:37:51Z

Luoq: /* Other */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136core/modules/m10/optical_instruments.html A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [http://homepages.ius.edu/kforinas/physlets/waves/waveX2A.html superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=129.msg577#msg577 an app showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-10-04T13:31:47Z

Luoq: /* Sound */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn35SB1_NYI, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136/modules/m10/Telescopes%20and%20Microscopes.htm A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [http://homepages.ius.edu/kforinas/physlets/waves/waveX2A.html superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=129.msg577#msg577 an app showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-10-04T13:30:55Z

Luoq: /* Sound */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
* [https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WavesFromAMovingSource/ Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0EaoilzgGE Doppler Effect, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136/modules/m10/Telescopes%20and%20Microscopes.htm A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [http://homepages.ius.edu/kforinas/physlets/waves/waveX2A.html superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=129.msg577#msg577 an app showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Waves and Modern Physics

2022-10-04T13:29:41Z

Luoq: /* Sound */

==Interesting Articles on Waves==

*[[Good Vibrations]]
:''by Stephen Cohen'' 
 

== Online Resources by Topic ==
* [http://www.cengage.com/physics/book_content/0495386936_serwaycp8e/active_figures/PSE7/ active figures in Serway textbook (only work in IE) ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics/videos?view=1&flow=grid minutephysics youtube channel]

=== Oscillations & SHM ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/15-introduction Vol 1 - Chapter 15: Oscillations]

==== Tools ====
* [http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=174 online Trigonometric Graphing]

==== Videos ====
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvJcVDuJsY Walter Lewin Showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve]
*: This video shows Walter Lewin, of MIT, creating a sine curve using a vertical mass-spring system and a can of spray paint.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9uhmjbZn-c Another video showing how SHM Creates a Sine Curve using spray paint]
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-harmonic-motion?topic=physics SHM: Khan Academy video: Introduction to Harmonic Motion]
*: Khan Academy has thousands of videos. The author generally does a great job, and you're able to do an instant replay any time you'd like. Many of the earlier topics (especially in math) have sample problems you can try; it's sort of like webwork because you get instant feedback, but you don't get graded on these ones. Most videos have associated comments and questions which can also help with your understanding.
* [https://youtu.be/QVkfRELZpK0 SHM - Introduction (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/_Gnke2x3vT8 How to solve SHM problems in a mass-spring system (The Organic Chemistry Tutor)]
* [https://youtu.be/vQypNfbga5U When is a pendulum in SHM (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/4pwtiZVmN8k Comparing pendulum to spring SHM (Science Shorts)]
* [https://youtu.be/cIzaoRoii7A Adjusting time in a pendulum clock]
* [https://youtu.be/8O5v4VUhfpo The mechanics of a pendulum clock (not part of NYC, but maybe interesting)]
* [https://youtu.be/JSBw-JyFgZk SHM and Uniform Circular motion (Flipping Physics)]
* [https://youtu.be/yw4mmzTOHFo How to find multiple solutions of arcsin]
* [https://youtu.be/qxp35e7bY70 How to find multiple solutions of arccos]

==== Other ressources ====
* [http://www.intmath.com/trigonometric-graphs/trigo-graph-intro.php Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions]
* [http://iwp2.ncssm.edu/pps/webInterface.php/Users/winters@ncssm.edu/shm-phase-01.iwp An applet to show how phase shift is related to the initial position]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/chapter4_simpleharmonicmotion.html Physclips: Simple Harmonic Motion]
*: At UNSW, they introduce SHM during their mechanics course. This module gives a nice introduction to SHM, and the last part (4.4) also describes some neat applications of SHM - many of which we discuss later in this course.
* [http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/HookesLaw/HookesLaw.html Hooke's Law: Great animation demonstrating Hooke's Law]
*[http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=148 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion]
*[http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Tutorial/FlashPhysics.html Damped and Undamped SHM: Explanation of how to program a Flash demonstration]
*: This site is intended as a tutorial on how to make flash physics demos, but it can also be helpful for students because it also lays out the physics models required to properly set up the animations.
* [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_1/5.html phase shift between two waveforms]
* [http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/damped/d.htm Damped oscillation applet]
*[http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/shm.htm Simple Harmonic Motion: Nice animations from The University of Saltford]
*: This site has a wealth of information on lots of related topics. It's worthwhile to spend some time playing around here.
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l0b.cfm Vibrations & Periodic Motion: the Physics Classroom]
*: Here's another perspective on similar topics. This site is especially nice because quick sample problems are embedded into the explanations so you can quickly test your understanding.

=== Mechanical Waves ===

* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves-intro/waves-intro.html Intro to Waves]
*: A visual introducton to the cocept of wave as a disturbance passing through a medium.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html Transverse and Longitudnal Waves]
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/sound-and-waves PhET Sound and Waves Simulations]
*: These simulations offer a fantastic virtual laboratory.
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html Acoustics and Vibration Animations from Penn State Acoustics]
*: These animations, and the explanations, give a great introduction to mechanical waves.
* [http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/ac_theory/ac_ccts_52.php Phasors]
*: This page has a very nice animation relating the sine wave to the unit circle - an important part of understanding phase.
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbd8QUkRbjw wave demonstration]
*: This a youtube demonstration for transverse wave
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Menu.php# a list of General Physics Animations]
* [http://ophysics.com/w.html oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations]
* [http://ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/TwaveA.htm another java applet about transverse wave]
* [http://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/standingwavereflection_en.htm standing wave applet]
* [http://www.kwantlen.ca/science/physics/faculty/mcoombes/P2421_Notes/Phasors/Phasors.html Phasor Diagrams]
*: This site also has nice animations for phase. Just be warned that the explanations further down the page are aimed at Electricity and Magnetism.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor Wikipedia's Page on Phasors]
*: This has a great animation showing how phasors can be added vectorially (it's about halfway down the page).
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/interference/ Physclips Interference and Consonance]
*: This site has some great video explanations. The phasor video even adds waves with different frequencies as a lead-in to a discussion of beats.
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips Standing Waves]

*: Great explanations and demonstrations of standing waves of all sorts.

=== Sound ===
* [http://www.independentrecording.net/irn/resources/freqchart/main_display.htm Interactive Frequency Chart - Independent Recording Network]
*: This chart compares the fundamental frequencies of many different musical instruments.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency audiable frequency]
* [http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/StandingWaves/StandingWaves.html Animation shows displacement node and pressure node of a standing wave in a pipe]
* [http://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/standing-waves/index.html Physclips: Standing Waves in Pipes - Musical Instruments (UNSW)]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/Doppler/index.html Physclips: Doppler Effect (UNSW)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc Youtube video showing the shock wave of a supersonic jet plane]
* [http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/super.htm superposition of two waves]
* [http://www.surendranath.org/GPA/Waves/Beats/Beats.html Beat simulation1]
* [https://academo.org/demos/wave-interference-beat-frequency/ Beat simulation2]
* [http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/beats.htm Beat from physclips]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l3a.cfm A widget allows you to investigate the effect of the frequencies of two intefering waves upon the beat pattern.]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Djz_rtnXSfY droppler effect video] 
*[http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation.php?ani=189&cat=physics Wavefronts for Moving Source]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0EaoilzgGE Doppler Effect, Big Bang Theory Style]

=== Nature of Light, Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion ===

=== Geometrical Optics, Lenses, and Optical Instruments ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.4: Thin Lenses]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/2-4-thin-lenses Vol 3 - Chapter 2.5: The eye]

==== Videos ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://youtu.be/GPomGcZ3_kk Multiple-Lens System Example]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDIma_Ai1Rc, Human eyes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

==== Other ====
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/medical/Eye/eye.html a clip on human eyes]
* [http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/u14l6a.cfm physics classroom-the eye]
* [http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/light/lenses.htm introduction about lens]
* [http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys136/modules/m10/Telescopes%20and%20Microscopes.htm A reading material for optical instruments]
* [https://ricktu288.github.io/ray-optics/ Ray Optics]
* [http://www.mediawebtool.com/tablet/optos_vs/ Refractive errors]

=== Wave Optics ===
* [http://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-electromagnetic-spectrum the electromagnetic spectrum]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_xd9hUZ2AY Youtube video on interference in water tank]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JU8hEbFen8 MITvideo on sound wave interference]
* [http://homepages.ius.edu/kforinas/physlets/waves/waveX2A.html superposition of two sin waves]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjMjWtntm9k&feature=related thin film interference]
* [http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=129.msg577#msg577 an app showing single/multiple slit diffraction/interference]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSwlYDECxKc Diffraction demonstrations]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmg1XyOSAk0&feature=relmfu diffration demonstrations (circular apertures )]
* [http://www.animatedscience.co.uk/ks5_physics/general/Oscillations%20&%20Waves,%20Reflection%20&%20Refraction/Waves%20(Part%202).htm]

=== Special Relativity ===
==== Textbook ====
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-introduction Vol 3 - Chapter 5.1-5.4: Time dilation and Length contraction]
* [https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-3/pages/5-8-relativistic-momentum#0 Vol 3 - Chapter 5.8-5.9: Relativistic Momentum and Energy]

==== Videos ====
* [https://youtu.be/AInCqm5nCzw Crash Course Physics: Special Relativity]
* [https://youtu.be/Z6BFF-YXtDc Proper length and proper time: How to find them]

=== Quantum Theory ===
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ-0PBRuthc a youtube vedeo showing single electron double slit wave experiment ]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCRNGqXBPRk Electron Diffraction]
* [http://www.engineering.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/tabid/4627/VideoId/2779/What-Is-The-Uncertainty-Principle.aspx Minutephysics on uncertainty principle]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2fcDqr39Jk introduction to quantum physics]

=== Nuclear Physics ===

Secondary 5 Physics

2021-01-28T19:57:35Z

Luoq: /* Readings */

This page is a collection of resources for Secondary 5 Physics (203-001-05).

== Math Review ==
=== Videos ===
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/basic-trigonometry?topic=trigonometry-1 Khan Academy Video: Basic Trigonometry]
* [https://youtu.be/RCDOi98Y6N4 Youtube: Solving a linear system with two unknowns using a calculator (Sharp EL-W516X)]
* [https://youtu.be/In77i35F7RQ Youtube: Solving a linear system with two unknowns using a calculator (Sharp EL-520X)]
* [https://youtu.be/b4-UYhT7mkQ Youtube: Solving a linear system with two unknowns using a calculator (Casio fx-991ES)]
* [https://youtu.be/FZp7heJPgi8 Youtube: Solving a linear system with two or three unknowns using WolframAlpha]

=== Simulation ===
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/trig-tour Phet: Trig Tour]

=== Tools ===
* [https://www.wolframalpha.com WolframAlpha: Solve system of equations online]

=== Practice ===
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/exercise/trigonometry_1 Khan Academy Practice: Trigonometry 1]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/scientific_bingo_math.htm# Practice: Scientific Math Bingo]

== Measurements ==

=== Videos ===
* [https://youtu.be/hRAFPdDppzs Video: What's the difference between accuracy and precision? - Matt Anticole]
* [https://youtu.be/7Vv7ExV87MU Video: SI-Prefixes]
* [https://youtu.be/dumXDlANJA8 Video: Introduction to unit conversion with dimensional analysis]
* [https://youtu.be/CLPjNelMLIs Video: Converting kilometers per hour to meters per second]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:S7pqHKDm@8/Accuracy-Precision-and-Significant-Figures OpenStax: Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:EC6WBNqn@7/Physical-Quantities-and-Units OpenStax: Physical Quantities and Units]

== 1D Kinematics ==
=== Videos ===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-8eGB1WH0jw&feature=youtu.be Video: Graphs Example]
* [https://youtu.be/EZXLkAYjmR0 Video: PhysicsEH - Distance (position) to Velocity Time Graph Physics Help]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/kinematics_formulas.htm Videos: Equations for motion with constant acceleration]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKe0XFzSc6g&feature=youtu.be Video: Free-Fall Example]
* [https://youtu.be/8G1oc5Qq90U Video: AP Physics 1: Kinematics Review]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/smart_phone_accelerometer.pdf Explore: Using the accelerometer of your smart phone]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:4SMp5I1s@2/Introduction-to-One-Dimensional-Kinematics OpenStax: Introduction to One-Dimensional Kinematics]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:_H3EiPTs@5/Displacement OpenStax: Displacement]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:gj9KHj0Q@2/Vectors-Scalars-and-Coordinate-Systems OpenStax: Vectors, Scalars, and Coordinate Systems ]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:FalnnAQi@4/Time-Velocity-and-Speed OpenStax: Time, Velocity, and Speed]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:YCO4fVoo@6/Acceleration OpenStax: Acceleration]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:7x6Qspwt@9/Graphical-Analysis-of-One-Dimensional-Motion OpenStax: Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:6iuyPE_O@11/Motion-Equations-for-Constant-Acceleration-in-One-Dimension OpenStax: Motion Equations for Constant Acceleration in One Dimension]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:YCO4fVoo@6/Acceleration OpenStax: Acceleration]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:aNsXe6tc@2/Problem-Solving-Basics-for-One-Dimensional-Kinematics OpenStax: Problem-Solving Basics for One-Dimensional Kinematics]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:nkhtuBIO@7/Falling-Objects OpenStax: Falling Objects]

* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:8wmg-WP7@3/Introduction-to-Two-Dimensional-Kinematics OpenStax: Introduction to Two-Dimensional Kinematics]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:IdDiF9UP@5/Kinematics-in-Two-Dimensions-An-Introduction OpenStax: Kinematics in Two Dimensions: An Introduction]

=== Simulation ===
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/moving-man Simulation: Graphs]

=== Practice ===
* [https://www.geogebra.org/m/pdNj3DgD Geogebra: Create x-t and a-t graphs for various v-t graphs]
* [https://www.mathcelebrity.com/kinematic.php MathCelebrity: Kinematics Equations Calculator]

== Vectors ==
=== Videos ===
* [http://www.khanacademy.org/video/introduction-to-vectors-and-scalars?topic=physics-1 Khan Academy Video: Introduction to Vectors and Scalars]
* [https://youtu.be/2Dusn4d3oYs Video: Vectors in polar and rectangular form]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrryaQqcvk8&feature=youtu.be Video: Adding two vectors graphically]
* [http://stefan.bracher.info/files/physics/mechanics/vector_examples.htm Videos: Vector problem examples]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:S9i77L2i@8/Vector-Addition-and-Subtraction-Graphical-Methods OpenStax: Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:uXOb_dyd@13/Vector-Addition-and-Subtraction-Analytical-Methods OpenStax: Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:tk2gBy3y@15/Addition-of-Velocities OpenStax: Addition of Velocities]

=== Simulations ===
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/vector-addition Phet: Vector Addition]

== Newton's Laws ==
=== Videos ===
* [https://youtu.be/AUSXcozE_A0 Video: Introduction to Newton's Laws of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/WzvhuQ5RWJE Video: Newton's 2nd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/cP0Bb3WXJ_k Video: Newton's 3rd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/dzdDzzRZm9U Video: Free Body Diagrams]
* [https://youtu.be/TLtGWls5F_I Video: Normal Forces Part 1]
* [https://youtu.be/JTeVBfUBdDs Video: Normal Forces Part 2]
* [https://youtu.be/t2RjGcvNSas Video: Tension Force]
* [https://youtu.be/dPSOs9lw90I Video: Step by Step example with Newton's 1st Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/R6ltYEMHuwc Video: Step by Step example with Newton's 2nd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/pWsab45Httg Video: Two-body example using Newton's 3rd Law of Motion]
* [https://youtu.be/yC47CbcoWOE Video: Neil deGrasse Tyson: Einstein vs Newton - Who Was Right?]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:AvUqAiSE@5/Introduction-to-Dynamics-Newton-s-Laws-of-Motion OpenStax: Introduction to Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:3kOuFdH6@4/Development-of-Force-Concept OpenStax: Development of Force Concept ]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:5AhMTd-L@2/Newton-s-First-Law-of-Motion-Inertia OpenStax: Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:ivpbwI-1@9/Newton-s-Second-Law-of-Motion-Concept-of-a-System OpenStax: Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:1VEKi6Bu@7/Newton-s-Third-Law-of-Motion-Symmetry-in-Forces OpenStax: Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Symmetry in Forces]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:WlG1xRdW@10/Normal-Tension-and-Other-Examples-of-Forces OpenStax: Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:mUgUzFLi@8/Problem-Solving-Strategies OpenStax: Problem-Solving Strategies]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:w3JWHgjo@9/Further-Applications-of-Newton-s-Laws-of-Motion OpenStax: Further Applications of Newton’s Laws of Motion]

=== Simulations ===
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/forces-and-motion-basics Phet: Forces and Motion: Basics]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/ramp-forces-and-motion Phet: Forces and Motion]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/forces-and-motion Phet: Forces and Motion]
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/lunar-lander Phet: Lunar Lander]

== Energy ==

=== Videos ===
* [https://youtu.be/oDNAqnKhjZA Video: Introduction to Laws of Conservation (Conservation of Energy)]
* [https://youtu.be/a-4UISMSVpE Video: Conservation of Energy in Mechanics]
* [https://youtu.be/BEyZ60DHLnE Video: Mechanical Work]
* [https://youtu.be/y265HF0I1kg Video: Work required to lift an object (Discovery of Potential Energy)]
* [https://youtu.be/a5qhsUWiZjw Video: Work required to accelerate an object to velocity v (Discovery of Kinetic Energy)]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:ZDtuSt4h@2/Introduction-to-Work-Energy-and-Energy-Resources OpenStax: Introduction to Work, Energy, and Energy Resources]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:NkooLWJ4@7/Work-The-Scientific-Definition OpenStax: Work: The Scientific Definition]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:P_-6tVsN@5/Kinetic-Energy-and-the-Work-Energy-Theorem OpenStax: Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:RTxYH8A6@9/Gravitational-Potential-Energy OpenStax: Gravitational Potential Energy ]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:MvpfSmd_@5/Conservative-Forces-and-Potential-Energy OpenStax: Conservative Forces and Potential Energy]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:CS_6KKGe@8/Nonconservative-Forces OpenStax: Nonconservative Forces]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:xa2wEvur@7/Conservation-of-Energy OpenStax: Conservation of Energy]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:CS_6KKGe@8/Nonconservative-Forces OpenStax: Nonconservative Forces]

== Reflection and Refraction ==
=== Videos ===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUyoVtdEkd4 Video: Finding the mirror-image of an object]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hZSmzBA348 Video: Finding the angle of refraction geometrically]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idHUKmJIDUQ Video: Images of curved mirrors: Concave mirror (converging)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dx7RAI_DCF0 Video: Images of curved mirrors: Convex Mirror (diverging)]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:itIvTSi4@2/Introduction-to-Geometric-Optics OpenStax: Introduction to Geometric Optics]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:nOWj2nQA@4/The-Ray-Aspect-of-Light OpenStax: The Ray Aspect of Light]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:YLRye4Ke@4/The-Law-of-Reflection OpenStax: The Law of Reflection]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:ALGlIz1W@8/Total-Internal-Reflection OpenStax: Total Internal Reflection]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:wiHR_GNo@6/Dispersion-The-Rainbow-and-Prisms OpenStax: Dispersion: The Rainbow and Prisms]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:clTkbiG5@4/Image-Formation-by-Mirrors OpenStax: Image Formation by Mirrors]

=== Simulation ===
* [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/bending-light Simulation: Bending Light]

== Thin Lenses ==
=== Videos ===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwqbeZE3czk Video: Converging and Diverging Lenses]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbBf2vm6afQ Video: Finding the images of thin lenses using ray tracing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPn_66gpZDk Video: Using the thin lens equation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3ofdUub8mg Video: Calculating the diopters of glasses for Myopia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-FVNr5_soc Video: Calculating the diopters of reading glasses]

=== Readings ===
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:2Xfd9mm_@6/Image-Formation-by-Lenses OpenStax: Image Formation by Lenses]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:JmLkrYao@2/Introduction-to-Vision-and-Optical-Instruments OpenStax: Introduction to Vision and Optical Instruments]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:edFYqrQm@3/Physics-of-the-Eye OpenStax: Physics of the Eye]
* [https://cnx.org/contents/A3gVi_44@1.67:KTP7ZmBy@2/Vision-Correction OpenStax: Vision Correction]

=== Simulation ===
* [http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/geometric-optics/geometric-optics_en.html Simulation: Lenses]

The Electric Field

2020-01-28T16:27:18Z

Luoq:

Try these links for better understanding of electric field:

[https://iwant2study.org/lookangejss/05electricitynmagnetism_11efield/ejss_model_electricfieldwee/electricfieldwee_Simulation.xhtml Electric Field vectors] 

[http://hsilomedus.me/wp-content/uploads/d3electricField/electricField.html The Electric Field ]

[https://www.falstad.com/vector3de/ The Electric Field-3D]
 

[http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/212_fall2003.web.dir/kristina_smith/description.html Lightning applet] 

[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WqvImbn9GG4 Faraday cage YouTube] 

[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1XHjl_6HtM Car hit by lightning] 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zi4kXgDBFhw Faraday's cage 2]

Capacitors

2017-10-19T14:46:55Z

Luoq:

List of simulations for understanding capacitors:

[http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/capacitor/index.html Charging And Discharging A Capacitor]

[http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/lightning/index.html An Example Of A Natural Capacitor]

[http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/capacitance/index.html Factors Affecting Capacitance]

[http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/aparplate/ Charged Parallel Plates]

[http://tutor-homework.com/Physics_Help/rc_circuit_simulation.html RC circuit simulator]

Projectile Motion

2013-09-27T15:51:04Z

Luoq: /* Simulations */

==Projectile Motion Basics==

''Helena Dedic''

• A particle is in projectile motion when the horizontal component of its velocity is different from zero and when the gravitational force is the only force acting on it. 
◦ We will always choose a coordinate system with y-axis pointing upward and x-axis pointing along the horizontal.
• Its acceleration is then equal to g and points downward. Therefore: 

<math>a_x = 0</math> 
<math>a_y = - 10 m/s^2 </math> 

◦ The x-component of its velocity is constant. The <math>v_x - t</math> graph is a horizontal straight line. Therefore: 

<math>v_x(t) = v_{0x}</math> 
<math>\Delta x(t) = v_{0x}t</math> 

◦ The y-component of its velocity is decreasing at a rate of 10 m/s every second. It is a linear function of time and its <math>v_y - t</math> graph is a straight line with a negative slope of<math> - 10 m/s^2</math>. Therefore: 

<math>v_y(t) = v_{0y} - 10t</math> 
<math>\Delta y(t) = v_{0y}t - 5t^2</math> 

• The velocity at any time t is a vector: 

<math>\vec v(t) = v_{0x} \hat i + (v_{0y} - 10t) \hat j</math> 

• The path of an object in projectile motion is a parabola. At the vertex of the parabola, the y-component of the velocity is zero and thus the velocity is: 

<math>\vec v(t) = v_{0x} \hat i</math> 

• When the vertical displacement is zero then the horizontal displacement is called range R. The range depends only on the initial speed of the projectile and on the direction of the velocity that is the angle <math>\theta</math> above horizontal. 

<math>R = \frac{v_i^2 Sin 2\theta}{g} </math> 
 
*[[#Projectile Motion Basics|TOP]] 

==Derivation of the Equation for Horizontal Range==

We begin with the notion that the velocity has a magnitude v0 and the direction  above horizontal. Then the component of the initial velocity are: 

<math> v_{0x} = v_0 Cos\theta</math> 
<math> v_{0y} = v_0 Sin\theta</math> 

We also note that <math>\Delta x(t) = R</math> and <math>\Delta y(t) = 0</math>. We will substitute these values into the equations of kinematics for projectile motion: 

<math>R = v_0 (Cos\theta) t</math> 

<math>v_y(t) = v_0 Sin\theta - 10 t</math> 

<math>0 = v_0 (Sin\theta)t - 5 t^2</math> 

We isolate t from the third equation above:

<math>0 = v_0 (Sin\theta)</math><strike>t</strike>- <math>5 t</math> 
<math> t = \frac{v_0 Sin\theta}{5}</math> 

and substitute for t in the first equation for the range: 

<math>R = v_0 (Cos\theta)\frac{v_0 Sin\theta}{5} = \frac{v_0^2 Sin\theta Cos\theta}{5}</math> 

We note the trigonometric identity <math>sin2\theta = 2 sin\theta cos\theta</math>. We can substitute for <math>sin\theta cos\theta</math> in the equation for the range and obtain: 

<math>R = \frac{v_0^2 Sin2\theta /2}{5} = \frac{v_0^2 Sin2\theta}{10}</math> 

So, in general: 

<math>R = \frac{v_0^2 Sin2\theta}{g}</math> 
 

*[[#Projectile Motion Basics|TOP]] 

==Related Videoclips==

 

<ol>
<li>[http://www.youtube.com/v/N0H-rv9XFHk Range of Projectile]</li>
See how the horizontal range of a projectile depends on the initial angle of incidence. The initial velocity is the same in each case.

:::::<youtube>N0H-rv9XFHk</youtube>

<li>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z24_ihikEqQ&NR=1 Parabolic motion versus vertical free fall]</li>

Compare parabolic motion of a projectile to vertical free fall motion.

:::::<youtube>z24_ihikEqQ</youtube>

<li> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBfy-MNgtoY Projectile Motion: velocity vector]</li>

Velocity vector (along with its x and y components)as it changes in Projetile motion.

:::::<youtube>ZBfy-MNgtoY</youtube>

<li> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxvsHNRXLjw Monkey and a Gun]</li>

The monkey falls downward at the same rate as the bullet. The acceleration due to gravity is the same for both, even though the bullet is fired with a high initial velocity.

 

<li> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-uUsUaPJUc0&NR=1&feature=endscreen Lecture on Projectile Motion]</li>

:::::<youtube>-uUsUaPJUc0</youtube>

 
<li> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRFbruIXVaY&feature=related Solving Projectile Motion Problems]</li>

:::::<youtube>HRFbruIXVaY</youtube>

 
</ol>
 

*[[#Projectile Motion Basics|TOP]] 

==Simulations==

[http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/projectile-motion/projectile-motion_en.html Phet Projectile Motion Simulation] 

[http://www.pbs.org/opb/circus/classroom/circus-physics/activity-guide-projectile-motion/ Circus Physics: Projectile motion]

==Exercises==

*[[Exercises on Projectile Motion]] 

<center> [[#Projectile Motion Basics|TOP]] </center>